Collagen, often called the “protein of youth,” comprises nearly 30% of our body’s total protein content. This vital structural protein serves as the scaffolding for our skin, bones, joints, and blood vessels. But when collagen levels plummet, the consequences can be far more serious than just wrinkles and sagging skin.
Indianexpress.com reached out to Dr Sonali Kohli, Senior Consultant – Dermatology, Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital, Mumbai to understand the ramifications of a collagen deficiency in the body, and how to mitigate risks.
The most dangerous sign of collagen deficiency
According to Dr Kohli, the most dangerous symptom is bone fragility and increased risk of fractures. “Collagen provides the organic framework that gives bones their flexibility and strength. When collagen levels drop significantly, bones become brittle and prone to fractures even from minor impacts,” she explained, adding that the real danger lies in its invisibility.
“Unlike a fever or headache that signals something is wrong, bone fragility develops silently over years. Many patients only discover their collagen deficiency after suffering what doctors call “fragility fractures” – breaks that occur from minimal trauma, such as:
– Fracturing a wrist from a simple fall
– Vertebral compression fractures from everyday activities like lifting groceries
– Hip fractures from minor slips that wouldn’t normally cause injury
Quoting research, Dr Kohli further said that this indicates collagen deficiency can lead to secondary bone decalcification, potentially progressing to osteoporosis if left untreated. This makes the skeletal system increasingly vulnerable, transforming routine activities into potential fracture risks.
Other signs and symptoms to look out for
Beyond bone fragility, collagen deficiency manifests through several concerning symptoms that often appear gradually:
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Skin and Appearance Changes
– Premature aging with what Skin loses elasticity, becoming thin and papery
– Deep wrinkles and sagging Particularly noticeable around the eyes and cheeks
– Slow wound healing in Cuts and bruises that take longer to recover
– Hollow appearance with sunken eyes and thinning facial features
Collagen is known as the protein of the youth (Source: Freepik)
Systemic Effect
– Gastrointestinal issues resulting in thinning of the digestive tract lining causing problems
– Brittle nails that become weak, break easily, and may start peeling
Collagen deficiency can also affect blood vessel walls, potentially leading to circulation problems and increased cardiovascular risks.
What’s behind this deficiency in India?
Several factors contribute to the rising incidence of collagen deficiency in India:
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– Smoking as nicotine destroys collagen and impairs production
– Excessive sun exposure with UV rays break down collagen fibers
– Refined sugars interfere with collagen synthesis
– Lack of physical activity reduces collagen production
– Insufficient vitamin C, zinc, and amino acids needed for collagen synthesis
– Processed food diets lacking collagen-supporting nutrients
– Inadequate protein intake from natural sources
– Autoimmune diseases like lupus that attack collagen-producing tissues
– Hormonal changes, particularly during menopause
– Certain medications that interfere with collagen production
Unlike many other conditions, Dr Kohli mentioned that collagen levels cannot be directly measured through blood tests. However, recognizing the warning signs early is crucial for preventing serious complications. According to her, understanding collagen deficiency is the first step toward maintaining long-term health.
“While aging naturally reduces collagen production by approximately 1-1.5% per year after age 25, lifestyle modifications can significantly slow this decline,” she said, highlighting that the key is recognizing that what appears to be simple cosmetic aging might actually signal a more serious underlying condition affecting your bone health, joint function, and overall wellbeing.
